Masticatory Myositis
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Masticatory Myositis

WHAT IS MASTICATORY MYOSITIS? Masticatory myositis (MM) is a disease that causes an inability to open the mouth. Other names for this are Masticatory Muscle Myositis, MM, Trismus or Triple M. German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, Doberman Pinschers, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are the most commonly affected breeds, but any breed or mix…

Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma (POF)
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Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma (POF)

Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma (POF) is a very common oral tumor in dogs. POF was previously known as a type of epulis, with “epulis” being an outdated umbrella term for a gingival (gum) mass. These tumors arise from the ligament which holds the tooth into the socket. They are slow growing and non-metastatic (they don’t spread…

Canine Oral Melanoma (OM)
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Canine Oral Melanoma (OM)

Melanoma is the most common oral malignancy in dogs. Surgical removal is the most effective treatment and is often combined with radiation and/or immunotherapy. Despite treatment for this aggressive cancer, many dogs sadly succumb to distant metastasis. Survival time is related to presence of gross (visible) disease at diagnosis, size of tumor, clinical stage, the…

Canine Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma (CAA)
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Canine Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma (CAA)

CAA is a tumor that we commonly encounter in our canine patients. This tumor was previously known as an “acanthomatous epulis“, with “epulis” being an outdated and non-specific term simply meaning “growth on the gingiva (gums).” Recent in-depth studies of gingival masses have provided more accurate definitions of “epulis” tumors such as CAA. A pathologist…

Discolored Teeth
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Discolored Teeth

In a veterinary practice, it is not uncommon to see discolored teeth in our patients. There are many causes of discoloration, including trauma, infection, metabolic disease, or drug-induced. When evaluating discolored teeth, many things should be taken into consideration including the patient’s age, history, overall health, and how long the tooth/teeth have been discolored. All…